Advanced Placement (AP) Biology Practice Exam

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What role do organic compounds play in plant growth?

  1. They serve as nutrients

  2. They regulate growth processes

  3. They protect against pests

  4. They enhance seed germination

The correct answer is: They regulate growth processes

Organic compounds play a crucial role in regulating growth processes in plants. These compounds include hormones, such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins, which are essential for various developmental stages. For instance, auxins facilitate cell elongation and help in the bending of plants towards light (phototropism), while gibberellins promote seed germination and stem elongation. Cytokinins are involved in cell division and growth, particularly in the root and shoot systems. The regulation of growth processes by organic compounds allows plants to adapt to their environment, coordinate growth phases, and ensure proper development from germination through maturity. This intricate regulation is vital for the overall health and productivity of the plant, influencing factors such as flowering time, fruit development, and response to stressors. Thus, the role of organic compounds in growth regulation is foundational for the survival and reproduction of plants.

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